![]() ![]() Evaporation to dryness and burning under hydrogen gas gives pure iridium. The EU Commission recently moved Indium to the list of critical metals where they predict limited supply and congestion in the supply chain. It is one of the hardest and most corrosion resistant metals known, and is the 2nd. Iridium, along with the likes of platinum, is considered a precious metal. It is the 84th most abundant element within the Earth’s crust, meaning it is very rare. Dissolution of the oxide in regia (a mixture of hydrochloric acid, HCl, and nitric acid, HNO 3) gives a solution containing pure (NH 4) 3IrCl 6. Iridium is a hard, brittle, lustrous, silvery metal belonging to Group 9 of the Periodic Table. The residue contains iridium oxide, IrO 2. The residue is melted with Na 2O 2 and extracted into water to remove ruthenium and osmium salts. The insoluble residue contains the iridium. The residue is melted with sodium bisulphate (NaHSO 4) and the resulting mixture extracted with water to give a solution containing rhodium sulphate, Rh 2(SO 4) 3. The unusually high concentration of a rare metal like iridium is often taken as evidence for an extraterrestrial impact event. Preliminary treatment of the ore or base metal byproduct is required to remove silver, gold, palladium, and platinum. The term iridium anomaly commonly refers to an unusual abundance of the chemical element iridium in a layer of rock strata at the CretaceousPaleogene (KPg) boundary. Despite its rarity and relative anonymity, Iridium is one of the most important metals in science and nature, playing a very important role in multiple discoveries, processes and theories in the last two centuries. Iridium is one of 31 transitional metals and one of a handful of precious metals along with gold, silver, platinum and palladium. The extraction is complex because of the other metals present and only worthwhile since iridium is useful as a specialist metal and is the basis of some catalysts in industry. Iridium is a hard, brittle, and lustrous platinum group metal (PGM) that is very stable at high temperatures and in chemical environments. As a transition metal, it possesses a very high density and melting point of nearly 2,500 ☌. And extraordinary also happens to be a good adjective. In addition to being super rare, iridiums extraordinary noble character finds uses in chemistry where an equally extraordinary resistance to corrosion is called for. ![]() Sometimes extraction of the precious metals such as iridium, rhodium, platinum and palladium is the main focus of a partiular industrial operation while in other cases it is a byproduct. The title of rarest metal is a matter of controversy but iridium is always one of the top contenders. The industrial extraction of iridium is complex as the metal occurs in ores mixed with other metals such as rhodium, palladium, silver, platinum, and gold. Isolation: it would not normally be necessary to make a sample of iridium in the laboratory as the metal is available, at a price, commercially.
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